Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects the body's ability to regulate blood sugar (glucose) levels properly. It is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insufficient insulin production or ineffective use of insulin. The main types of diabetes are Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Common symptoms of diabetes include:
- Frequent Urination: Excess sugar in the blood leads to increased urine production, causing frequent trips to the bathroom.
- Excessive Thirst: Frequent urination can lead to dehydration, triggering an intense feeling of thirst.
- Unexplained Weight Loss: In Type 1 diabetes, the body may start breaking down fat and muscle for energy since it cannot use glucose effectively.
- Increased Hunger: Despite eating regularly, individuals with diabetes may feel hungry due to the body's inability to utilize glucose for energy.
- Fatigue: High blood sugar levels can result in feelings of tiredness and low energy levels.
- Blurred Vision: Elevated blood sugar levels can cause temporary changes in the shape of the lens of the eye, leading to blurred vision.
- Slow Healing of Wounds: High glucose levels can impair blood circulation and damage blood vessels, leading to delayed wound healing.
- Numbness or Tingling in Extremities: Prolonged high blood sugar can damage nerves, causing peripheral neuropathy, leading to sensations of numbness or tingling in the hands and feet.
- Recurring Infections: Diabetes can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections, particularly in the skin, urinary tract, and gums.
It's essential to be aware of these symptoms and seek medical attention promptly if they are present, as early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing diabetes and preventing potential complications.
